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数组（2）
简介数组（2）
9. 三子棋
类似于之前的猜数字小游戏，我们需要先把整个游戏的大体结构在主函数中实现出来：
//test.c
#include <stdio.h>
void menu()
{
printf("*****************************
");
printf("******** 1. play *********
");
printf("******** 0. exit *********
");
printf("*****************************
");
}
int main()
{
int input = 0;
do
{
menu();
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &input);//1 0 4
switch (input)
{
case 1:
game();
break;
case 0:
printf("退出游戏
");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误，重新选择！
");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}
接下来，我们需要对游戏内容进行具体地实现：
- 初始化棋盘
棋盘上一开始什么都没有，说明里面放的都是空格
//test.c
#include "game.h"
void game()
{
char board[3][3] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, 3, 3);
}
在game.h中对函数进行声明
//game.h
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[3][3], int row, int col);
这里我们思考一下：如果我们不想玩三子棋，而想玩四子棋，那么我们是不是需要把所有是3的地方全部改成4，这样就太繁琐了，那么要如何解决呢？
//game.h
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//test.c
#include "game.h"
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
在game.c中对函数进行定义
//game.c
#include "game.h"
//初始化棋盘为空格
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
- 打印棋盘
//test.c
#include "game.h"
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
//game.h
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
因为在game.c中实现打印棋盘，要引用头文件stdio.h，而test.c中也需要引用stdio.h；同时，test.c和game.c又都引用了game.h，所以我们可以直接在game.h中引用stdio.h
//game.h
#include <stdio.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c
#include "game.h"
//版本一
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf("%c", board[i][j]);
}
printf("
");
}
}
以上打印方法打印出来屏幕上什么也没有，这是因为我们打印的是空格，所以我们还需要加一下分界线
//game.c
#include "game.h"
//版本2
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
//1. 打印数据
printf(" %c | %c | %c
", board[i][0], board[i][1], board[i][2]);
//2. 打印分割线
if (i < row - 1)
{
printf("---|---|---
");
}
}
}
以上打印方法不具有普适性，如果改变行和列，打印出来的棋盘就不对了
//game.c
#include "game.h"
//版本3
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
//1. 打印数据
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1)
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("
");
//2. 打印分割线
if (i < row - 1)
{
//printf("---|---|---
");
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf("---");
if (j < col - 1)
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("
");
}
}
}
- 玩家下棋
//test.c
#include "game.h"
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//下棋
//玩家下棋
PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
//game.h
#include <stdio.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c
#include "game.h"
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
printf("玩家下棋>:
");
while (1)
{
printf("请输入下棋的坐标，中间使用空格>:");
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
//坐标合法
if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
{
if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1])//可以落子
{
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else
{
printf("坐标被占有，不能落子，重新输入坐标
");
}
}
else//非法
{
printf("坐标非法，重新输入
");
}
}
}
- 电脑下棋
我们先让玩家和电脑一直下棋
//test.c
#include "game.h"
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//下棋
while (1)
{
//玩家下棋
PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//电脑下棋
ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
}
int main()
{
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
return 0;
}
//game.h
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c
#include "game.h"
//电脑随机下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int x = 0;//0～row-1
int y = 0;//0～col-1
printf("电脑下棋>:
");
while (1)
{
x = rand() % row;
y = rand() % col;
if (' ' == board[x][y])
{
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
- 判断输赢
玩家赢 - ‘*’
电脑赢 - ‘#’
平局 - ‘Q’
继续 - ‘C’
//test.c
#include "game.h"
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//下棋
char ret = 0;
while (1)
{
//玩家下棋
PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
//电脑下棋
ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
}
if ('*' == ret)
{
printf("玩家赢
");
}
else if ('#' == ret)
{
printf("电脑赢
");
}
else
{
printf("平局
");
}
}
//game.h
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//判断输赢
//玩家赢 - '*'
//电脑赢 - '#'
//平局 - 'Q'
//继续 - 'C'
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c
#include "game.h"
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (' ' == board[i][j])
{
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
}
//版本一
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
//赢
//行
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
if ((board[i][0]==board[i][1]) && (board[i][1]==board[i][2]) && (board[i][0]!=' '))
{
return board[i][0];
}
}
//列
for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
{
if ((board[0][i]==board[1][i]) && (board[1][i]==board[2][i]) && (board[0][i]!=' '))
{
return board[0][i];
}
}
//对角线
if ((board[0][0]==board[1][1]) && (board[1][1]==board[2][2]) && (board[1][1]!=' '))
{
return board[1][1];
}
if ((board[0][2]==board[1][1]) && (board[1][1]==board[2][0]) && (board[1][1]!=' '))
{
return board[1][1];
}
//平局
if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col))
{
return 'Q';
}
//继续
return 'C';
}
以上写法也不具有普适性
//game.c
#include "game.h"
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (' ' == board[i][j])
{
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
}
//版本二
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
//赢
//行
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
int count = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++)
{
if ((board[i][j] != ' ') && (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((col - 1) == count)
{
return board[i][0];
}
}
//列
for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
{
int j = 0;
int count = 0;
for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++)
{
if ((board[j][i] != ' ') && (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((row - 1) == count)
{
return board[0][i];
}
}
//对角线
int count = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++)
{
if ((board[i][i]!=' ') && (board[i][i]==board[i + 1][i + 1]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((row - 1) == count)
{
return board[0][0];
}
count = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++)
{
if ((board[i][col-1-i]!=' ') && (board[i][col-1-i]==board[i+1][col-2-i]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((row-1) == count)
{
return board[0][col - 1];
}
//平局
if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col))
{
return 'Q';
}
//继续
return 'C';
}
以下为完整代码：
//game.h
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//判断输赢
//玩家赢 - '*'
//电脑赢 - '#'
//平局 - 'Q'
//继续 - 'C'
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c
#include "game.h"
//初始化棋盘为空格
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
//1. 打印数据
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1)
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("
");
//2. 打印分割线
if (i < row - 1)
{
//printf("---|---|---
");
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf("---");
if (j < col - 1)
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("
");
}
}
}
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
printf("玩家下棋>:
");
while (1)
{
printf("请输入下棋的坐标，中间使用空格>:");
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
//坐标合法
if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
{
if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1])//可以落子
{
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else
{
printf("坐标被占有，不能落子，重新输入坐标
");
}
}
else//非法
{
printf("坐标非法，重新输入
");
}
}
}
//电脑随机下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int x = 0;//0～row-1
int y = 0;//0～col-1
printf("电脑下棋>:
");
while (1)
{
x = rand() % row;
y = rand() % col;
if (' ' == board[x][y])
{
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (' ' == board[i][j])
{
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
}
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
//赢
//行
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
int count = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++)
{
if ((board[i][j] != ' ') && (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((col - 1) == count)
{
return board[i][0];
}
}
//列
for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
{
int j = 0;
int count = 0;
for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++)
{
if ((board[j][i] != ' ') && (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((row - 1) == count)
{
return board[0][i];
}
}
//对角线
int count = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++)
{
if ((board[i][i]!=' ') && (board[i][i]==board[i + 1][i + 1]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((row - 1) == count)
{
return board[0][0];
}
count = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++)
{
if ((board[i][col-1-i]!=' ') && (board[i][col-1-i]==board[i+1][col-2-i]))
{
count++;
}
}
if ((row-1) == count)
{
return board[0][col - 1];
}
//平局
if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col))
{
return 'Q';
}
//继续
return 'C';
}
//test.c
#include "game.h"
void menu()
{
printf("*****************************
");
printf("******** 1. play *********
");
printf("******** 0. exit *********
");
printf("*****************************
");
}
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//下棋
char ret = 0;
while (1)
{
//玩家下棋
PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
//电脑下棋
ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
}
if ('*' == ret)
{
printf("玩家赢
");
}
else if ('#' == ret)
{
printf("电脑赢
");
}
else
{
printf("平局
");
}
}
int main()
{
int input = 0;
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
do
{
menu();
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &input);//1 0 4
switch (input)
{
case 1:
game();
break;
case 0:
printf("退出游戏
");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误，重新选择！
");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}
附：
风语者！平时喜欢研究各种技术，目前在从事后端开发工作，热爱生活、热爱工作。
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