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1、进入linux内核源码目录下，打开Makefile文件，搜索vmlinux

vmlinux: scripts/link-vmlinux.sh autoksyms_recursive $(vmlinux-deps) FORCE
    +$(call if_changed,link-vmlinux)

 vmlinux-deps := $(KBUILD_LDS) $(KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS) $(KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS) 

---

arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds arch/arm/kernel/head.o init/built-in.a usr/built-in.a arch/arm/built-in.a arch/arm/mach-aspeed/built-in.a arch/arm/mach-milbeaut/built-in.a arch/arm/mach-stm32/built-in.a kernel/built-in.a certs/built-in.a mm/built-in.a fs/built-in.a ipc/built-in.a security/built-in.a crypto/built-in.a block/built-in.a arch/arm/lib/built-in.a lib/built-in.a arch/arm/lib/lib.a lib/lib.a drivers/built-in.a sound/built-in.a samples/built-in.a net/built-in.a virt/built-in.a

 cmd_link-vmlinux =                                                
    $(CONFIG_SHELL) $< "$(LD)" "$(KBUILD_LDFLAGS)" "$(LDFLAGS_vmlinux)";    
    $(if $(ARCH_POSTLINK), $(MAKE) -f $(ARCH_POSTLINK) $@, true)

---

sh scripts/link-vmlinux.sh arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld  -EL --no-undefined -X --pic-veneer --build-id=sha1 --orphan-handling=warn

2、scripts/Kbuild.include------->if_changed

if_changed = $(if $(newer-prereqs)$(cmd-check),                              
    $(cmd);                                                              
    printf '%s ' 'cmd_$@ := $(make-cmd)' > $(dot-target).cmd, @:) 

 3、分析scripts/link-vmlinux.sh

# vmlinux
#   ^
#   |
#   +--< $(KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS)
#   |    +--< init/built-in.a drivers/built-in.a mm/built-in.a + more
#   |
#   +--< $(KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS)
#   |    +--< lib/lib.a + more
#   |
#   +-< ${kallsymso} (see description in KALLSYMS section)

info LD vmlinux.o
modpost_link vmlinux.o
objtool_link vmlinux.o 

modpost_link()
{
    local objects

    objects="--whole-archive                
        ${KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS}                
        --no-whole-archive                
        --start-group                    
        ${KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS}                
        --end-group"

    ${LD} ${KBUILD_LDFLAGS} -r -o ${1} ${objects}
}

---

arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld -EL -r -o vmlinux.o --whole-archive arch/arm/kernel/head.o init/built-in.a usr/built-in.a arch/arm/built-in.a arch/arm/mach-aspeed/built-in.a arch/arm/mach-milbeaut/built-in.a arch/arm/mach-stm32/built-in.a kernel/built-in.a certs/built-in.a mm/built-in.a fs/built-in.a ipc/built-in.a security/built-in.a crypto/built-in.a block/built-in.a arch/arm/lib/built-in.a lib/built-in.a arch/arm/lib/lib.a lib/lib.a drivers/built-in.a sound/built-in.a samples/built-in.a net/built-in.a virt/built-in.a --no-whole-archive --start-group --end-group

4、Makefile------->KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS

 # Externally visible symbols (used by link-vmlinux.sh)
KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS := $(head-y) $(patsubst %/,%/built-in.a, $(core-y))
KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS += $(addsuffix built-in.a, $(filter %/, $(libs-y)))
ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS += $(patsubst %/, %/lib.a, $(filter %/, $(libs-y)))
KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS := $(filter-out %/, $(libs-y))
else
KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS := $(patsubst %/,%/lib.a, $(libs-y))
endif
KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS += $(patsubst %/,%/built-in.a, $(drivers-y))

export KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS

 # Objects we will link into vmlinux / subdirs we need to visit
core-y        := init/ usr/
drivers-y    := drivers/ sound/
drivers-$(CONFIG_SAMPLES) += samples/
drivers-y    += net/ virt/
libs-y        := lib/