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前言

       在项目研发中，相信大家都遇到过给用户增加头像照片的需求。

       随着手机版本的不断更新，android 8、android 9、android 10、android 12、android 13、鸿蒙系统等等；遇到这个功能需求，大家肯定会想，“这还不好写？ 之前就已经写过了。” 把老项目跑了一遍之后发现无法运行。要不大多数就会出现奔溃的情况！

       这也就遇到常见的 高版本适配情况，以及针对不同版本该如何处理？

       碰到这种情况也不要慌张，博主将为大家推出两篇热乎连载篇。从两个不同开发场景下，来给大家分享两篇文章，来更加详细的了解该如何去实现？【特此来记录】

       本篇将为大家详细讲解如何调用摄像头拍照 & 选择相册，并裁剪图片。

效果

实测android 8、android 9、android 11、android 13、鸿蒙系统均有效；
手机机型分别为OPPO、华为、VIVO手机。

对于效果演示，将单独拿出两个来举例：

• VIVO android 13
• 华为 鸿蒙系统2.0.1

vivo	华为

功能

1. 动态申请拍照，读，写权限
2. 自定义弹出框
3. 调用系统相机拍照
   3.1 调用系统相机申请拍照权限回调
   3.2 拍照完成回调
4. 自动获取sdk权限
   4.1 访问相册完成回调

具体实现

.gradle配置文件：

AndroidManifest文件：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

<provider
      android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
      android:authorities="com.harry.takepicture.provider"
      android:exported="false"
      android:grantUriPermissions="true">
          <meta-data
             android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
             android:resource="@xml/filepaths" />
</provider>

filepaths.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths>
    <paths>
        <external-path
            name="camera_photos"
            path="" />
    </paths>
    <external-path name="rc_external_path" path="."/>

</paths>

/**
 * @author 拉莫帅
 * @date 2023/4/01
 * @address
 * @Desc TakePicture 上传头像
 */
public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    public static String[] permission = {
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.CAMERA};

    private CircleImg img;
    private View view;

    private String BaseUrl = "";

    private Uri newUri;
    private File outputImage;
    private Uri cropImageUri;
    private File fileCropUri;//裁剪的照片
    private Uri imageUri;//拍照所得到的图像的保存路径
    private static final int OUTPUT_X = 295;
    private static final int OUTPUT_Y = 413;
    private static final int CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST = 0xa0;
    private static final int CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST = 0xa1;
    private static final int CODE_RESULT_REQUEST = 0xa2;
    private static final int REQUESTCODE_CUTTING = 0xa3;
    private static final int CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE = 0x03;
    private static final int STORAGE_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE = 0x04;
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setStatusBg(1);
        AppUtils.requestPermission(permission);

        img = findViewById(R.id.userinfo_iv_head);
        img.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    protected View addContentLayout() {
        view = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.activity_main, contentLayout, false);
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.userinfo_iv_head:
                select();
                break;
            case R.id.rl_head_camera:
                takePhoto();
                AppUtils.dismiss();
                break;
            case R.id.rl_head_photo:
                autoObtainStoragePermission();
                AppUtils.dismiss();
                break;
            case R.id.rl_head_cancel:
                AppUtils.dismiss();
                break;
        }
    }

    private void select() {        
        AppUtils.selectPhoto(MainActivity.this, R.layout.dialog_head, R.layout.activity_main, this);
    }

    /**
     * 拍照
     *
     * @param
     */
    private void takePhoto() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
                ToastUtils.showShort(this, "您已经拒绝过一次");
            }
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE);
        } else {//有权限直接调用系统相机拍照
            if (AppUtils.hasSdcard()) {
                    outputImage = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath(), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");

                    //通过FileProvider创建一个content类型的Uri
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                        imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.harry.takepicture.provider", outputImage);
                    } else {
                        imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
                    }

                    PhotoUtils.takePicture(this, imageUri, CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST);             
            } else {
                ToastUtils.showShort(this, "设备没有SD卡！");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

        switch (requestCode) {
            //调用系统相机申请拍照权限回调
            case CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE: {
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    if (AppUtils.hasSdcard()) {
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                            imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "com.harry.takepicture.provider", outputImage);
                        } else {
                            imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
                        }
                        
                        PhotoUtils.takePicture(this, imageUri, CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST);                   
                    } else {
                        ToastUtils.showShort(this, "设备没有SD卡！");
                    }
                } else {
                    ToastUtils.showShort(this, "请允许打开相机！！");
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 自动获取sdk权限
     */
    private void autoObtainStoragePermission() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, STORAGE_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE);
        } else {
            PhotoUtils.openPic(this, CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            fileCropUri = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
            switch (requestCode) {
                //拍照完成回调
                case CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST:
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                        Uri contentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.harry.takepicture.provider", outputImage);
                        cropPhoto(contentUri);
                    } else {
                        imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
                        cropPhoto(imageUri);
                    }
                //访问相册完成回调
                case CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST:
                    if (AppUtils.hasSdcard()) {
                        cropImageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileCropUri);
                        if (data == null) {
                            return;
                        } else {
                            newUri = getUri(data);
                        }
                        PhotoUtils.cropImageUri(this, newUri, cropImageUri, 1, 1, OUTPUT_X, OUTPUT_Y, CODE_RESULT_REQUEST);
                    } else {
                        ToastUtils.showShort(this, "设备没有SD卡！");
                    }
                    break;
                case REQUESTCODE_CUTTING:
                    if (data != null) {
                        setPicToView(data);
                    }
                    break;
                case CODE_RESULT_REQUEST:
                    String a = cropImageUri.getPath();
                    Log.e("tb", "a---" + a);
                    Bitmap bitmap = PhotoUtils.getBitmapFromUri(cropImageUri, this);
                    if (bitmap != null) {
                        File file = new File(a);
                        Log.e("tb", "file--------------------------" + file);
                        BaseUrl = Base64Utils.getImageStr(file);
                        Log.e("tb", "BaseUrl--------------------------" + BaseUrl);

                        showImages(bitmap, a);
                    }
                    break;
                default:
            }
        }
    }

    private void setPicToView(Intent picdata) {
        Bundle extras = picdata.getExtras();
        if (extras != null) {
            // 取得SDCard图片路径做显示
            Bitmap photo = extras.getParcelable("data");
            String saveFile = FileUtil.saveFile(this, "crop", photo);

            if (photo != null) {
                File file = new File(saveFile);
                Log.e("tb", "file--------------------------" + file);
                BaseUrl = Base64Utils.getImageStr(file);
                Log.e("tb", "BaseUrl--------------------------" + BaseUrl);

                showImages(photo, saveFile);
            }
        }
    }

	/**
     * 裁剪
     * 
     * @param uri
     */
    private void cropPhoto(Uri uri) {
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);

        intent.putExtra("outputX", 300);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", 300);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
        Log.e("tag", "intent====" + intent);

        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUESTCODE_CUTTING);
    }

	/**
     * 展示
     * 
     * @param bitmap
     * @param urlpath
     */
    private void showImages(Bitmap bitmap, String urlpath) {
        Drawable drawable = new BitmapDrawable(null, bitmap);
        Log.e("tag", "urlPath====" + urlpath);
        img.setImageDrawable(drawable);
    }

    /**
     * 解决手机上获取图片路径为null的情况
     *
     * @param intent
     * @return
     */
    public Uri getUri(android.content.Intent intent) {
        Uri uri = intent.getData();
        String type = intent.getType();
        if (uri.getScheme().equals("file") && (type.contains("image/"))) {
            String path = uri.getEncodedPath();
            if (path != null) {
                path = Uri.decode(path);
                ContentResolver cr = this.getContentResolver();
                StringBuffer buff = new StringBuffer();
                buff.append("(").append(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA).append("=")
                        .append("'" + path + "'").append(")");
                Cursor cur = cr.query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                        new String[]{MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns._ID},
                        buff.toString(), null, null);
                int index = 0;
                for (cur.moveToFirst(); !cur.isAfterLast(); cur.moveToNext()) {
                    index = cur.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns._ID);
                    // set _id value
                    index = cur.getInt(index);
                }
                if (index == 0) {
                    // do nothing
                } else {
                    Uri uri_temp = Uri
                            .parse("content://media/external/images/media/"
                                    + index);
                    if (uri_temp != null) {
                        uri = uri_temp;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return uri;
    }
}

总结

       到这里就结束了。看到这里，关于上传头像的具体流程也已经清楚，最主要的代码也已经给大家粘贴了过来。

       完整版源码下载地址：Android + <调用相机拍照 & 选择相册> + 数码相机

       感兴趣的小伙伴们，大家赶快去测试一下吧。