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MongoDB K8s集群部署
简介MongoDB K8s集群部署
1. 准备资源
1.1 NFS准备
这里已经安装了NFS，并且可以处理NFS所有的操作，在这里不会说明NFS中的任何信息，只是使用。如果需要知道NFS如何配置，可查看其他的文章，里面有详细的说明。
1.2 镜像
使用MongoDB在docker.io中，现在比较新的镜像mongo:4.4.9.
docker pull mongo:4.4.9
docker pull ibmcom/nfs-client-provisioner-ppc64le
如果在内部使用，不想因网络问题拉不到镜像，可以将镜像放到自己的镜像仓库中。在实践中，这是一个好方法。
docker tag mongo:4.4.9 172.16.0.111:2180/base/mongo:4.4.9
docker push 172.16.0.111:2180/base/mongo:4.4.9
docker tag ibmcom/nfs-client-provisioner-ppc64le:latest 172.16.0.111:2180/base/nfs-client-provisioner-ppc64le:latest
当然，需要在生成一个secret, 这里使用的是harbor, 用以下命令在mongo的命名空间中生成一个secret。生成的secret会在创建StatefulSet的时候用到，如果不需要，则记得在mongo-statefulset.yaml中把相应的内容删除。
注意一下，生成命名空间是下一步
kubectl -n mongo create secret docker-registry harbor-secret --docker-server=172.16.0.111:2180 --docker-username=admin --docker-password=Harbor9999
1.3 创建命名空间
kubectl create ns mongo
2. NFS 存储验证
2.1 创建nfs pv文件
创建mongo-nfs-pv.yaml文件，文件中有以下内容。
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: pvmongo
spec:
capacity:
storage: 30Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
server: 172.16.8.186
path: "/opt/pvmongo"
2.2 创建nfs pvc文件
创建mongo-nfs-pvc.yaml, 文件中有以下内容。
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: pvmongo
spec:
capacity:
storage: 30Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
server: 172.16.0.106
path: "/opt/pvmongo"
[root@svc-04 mongo]#
[root@svc-04 mongo]# cat mongo-nfs-pvc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: pvcmongo
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
storageClassName: ""
resources:
requests:
storage: 30Gi
2.3 创建pv和pvc
注意，在pvc中增加了命名空间，如果在执行时，可以换成你需要的命名空间
kubectl create -f mongo-nfs-pv.yaml
kubectl -n mongo create -f mongo-nfs-pvc.yaml # 注意，这里增加了命名空间
2.4 验证创建结果
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl get pv
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
pvmongo 30Gi RWX Retain Bound default/pvcmongo 6m29s
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl get pvc
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
pvcmongo Bound pvmongo 30Gi RWX 5m32s
以上的内容显示正常，则说明NFS连接Kubernetes正常，并且可以正常使用。
3. nfs-provisioner部署
需要让MongoDB自动创建可扩展的存储，则需要部署nfs-provisioner。
3.1 生成RBAC文件
生成rbac文件mongo-nfs-rbac.yaml, 文件内容如下。注意文件中的中文注释。
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner
# 替换需要部署provisioner的命名空间
namespace: mongo
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["nodes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
- apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
resources: ["storageclasses"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["events"]
verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nfs-client-provisioner
# 替换需要部署provisioner的命名空间
namespace: mongo
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
# 替换需要部署provisioner的命名空间
namespace: mongo
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["endpoints"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
# 替换需要部署provisioner的命名空间
namespace: mongo
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nfs-client-provisioner
# 替换需要部署provisioner的命名空间
namespace: mongo
roleRef:
kind: Role
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
3.2 创建RBAC
这里认为mongo-nfs-rbac.yaml文件在当前目录中
kubectl create -f mongo-nfs-rbac.yaml
3.3 创建provisioner deployment文件
创建provisioner的deployment的mongo-nfs-provisioner-deployment.yaml文件，文件内容如下。
注意: 这个文件需要修改一些内容，修改位置已经在文件中注释了
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner
# 替换需要部署provisioner的命名空间
namespace: mongo
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
strategy:
type: Recreate
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
spec:
serviceAccount: nfs-client-provisioner
# 本地私库的镜像Secret
# 如果直接从网上获取，不使用自己的镜像仓库，可以把这里删除掉。
imagePullSecrets:
- name: harbor-secret
containers:
- name: nfs-client-provisioner
# 修改为自己的镜像地址
image: 172.16.0.111:2180/base/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.2
volumeMounts:
- name: nfs-client-root
mountPath: /persistentvolumes
env:
- name: PROVISIONER_NAME
value: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
- name: NFS_SERVER
# NFS服务的IP地址
value: 172.16.0.111
- name: NFS_PATH
# NFS服务的路径
value: /opt/pvmongo
volumes:
- name: nfs-client-root
nfs:
# NFS服务的IP地址
server: 172.16.0.111
# NFS服务的路径
path: /opt/pvmongo
3.3 部署provisioner
执行以下命令部署provisioner.
kubectl create -f mongo-nfs-provisioner-deployment.yaml
验证部署内容:
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl -n mongo get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nfs-client-provisioner-7b6645d7d8-n9qjw 1/1 Running 0 84m
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl -n mongo get deploy
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nfs-client-provisioner 1/1 1 1 94m
3.4 创建storageClass
创建storageClass 的yaml文件 mongo-nfs-provisioner-storageclass.yaml, 文件内容如下。
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: managed-nfs-storage
# 这里可以换成其他的名子，但必须要和deployment中的环境变量PROVISIONER_NAME保持一致
provisioner: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
parameters:
archiveOnDelete: "false"
执行以下命令创建storageClass
kubectl create -f mongo-nfs-provisioner-storageclass.yaml
验证创建的StorageClass
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl get storageclass | grep nfs
managed-nfs-storage k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner Delete Immediate false 88m
4. MongoDB集群部署
4.1 创建RBAC
创建rbac是要让集群间可以相互访问。生成文件mongo-rbac.yaml, 内容如下。
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: mongo-default-view
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: view
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: default
# 替换需要部署provisioner的命名空间
namespace: mongo
执行以下命令创建
kubectl create -f mongo-rbac.yaml
4.2 创建service文件
生成service文件mongo-service.yaml，内容如下。
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: mongo-svc
namespace: mongo
labels:
name: mongo
spec:
ports:
- port: 27017
targetPort: 27017
clusterIP: None
selector:
role: mongo
执行以下命令创建
kubectl create -f mongo-service.yaml
kubectl -n mongo get svc
4.3 创建认证文件
认证文件主要用于MongoDB内部认证。执行以下命令创建认证文件。
openssl rand -base64 741 > authentication
执行效果如下:
[root@svc-04 mongo]# openssl rand -base64 741 > authentication
[root@svc-04 mongo]# cat authentication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将生成的文件创建成Kubernetes的Secret.
kubectl -n mongo create secret generic shared-bootstrap-data --from-file=internal-auth-mongodb-keyfile=authentication
注意，这里的authentication文件一直放在当前目录，所以没有跟路径
执行后效果:
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl -n mongo create secret generic shared-bootstrap-data --from-file=internal-auth-mongodb-keyfile=authentication
secret/shared-bootstrap-data created
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl -n mongo get secret
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
shared-bootstrap-data Opaque 1 69s
authentication文件在执行完后，可以直接删除掉。
5. 创建StatefulSet
5.1 创建StatefulSet文件
生成StatefulSet文件mongo-statefulset.yaml, 内空如下。
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: mongo
namespace: mongo
spec:
serviceName: mongo-svc
selector:
matchLabels:
role: mongo
replicas: 3
template:
metadata:
labels:
role: mongo
environment: dev
replicaset: MainRepSet
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
volumes:
- name: secrets-volume
secret:
secretName: shared-bootstrap-data
defaultMode: 256
imagePullSecrets:
- name: harbor-secret
containers:
- name: mongo-container
image: 172.16.0.107:2180/base/mongo:4.4.9
command:
- "mongod"
- "--bind_ip"
- "0.0.0.0"
- "--replSet"
- "MainRepSet"
- "--auth"
- "--clusterAuthMode"
- "keyFile"
- "--keyFile"
- "/etc/secrets-volume/internal-auth-mongodb-keyfile"
- "--setParameter"
- "authenticationMechanisms=SCRAM-SHA-1"
ports:
- containerPort: 27017
volumeMounts:
- name: secrets-volume
readOnly: true
mountPath: /etc/secrets-volume
- name: pvcmongo
mountPath: /data/db
volumeClaimTemplates:
- metadata:
name: pvcmongo
spec:
accessModes: [ "ReadWriteMany" ]
storageClassName: managed-nfs-storage
resources:
requests:
storage: 10Gi
执行以下命令创建:
kubectl create -f mongo-statefulset.yaml
检查创建结果:
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl -n mongo get statefulset
NAME READY AGE
mongo 3/3 100m
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl -n mongo get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
mongo-0 1/1 Running 0 51m
mongo-1 1/1 Running 0 51m
mongo-2 1/1 Running 0 50m
nfs-client-provisioner-7b6645d7d8-n9qjw 1/1 Running 0 105m
以上，MongoDB集群已经创建完成
6. 集群连接和配置
6.1 查看集群的主机名
kubectl -n mongo exec -it mongo-0 -- hostname -f
kubectl -n mongo exec -it mongo-1 -- hostname -f
kubectl -n mongo exec -it mongo-2 -- hostname -f
如，获得的主机名为: mongo-0.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local
将获得的主机名，生成以下mongo的命令, 这个命令接下来使用。
rs.initiate({_id: "MainRepSet", version: 1, members: [
{ _id: 0, host : "mongo-0.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017" },
{ _id: 1, host : "mongo-1.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017" },
{ _id: 2, host : "mongo-2.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017" }
]});
6.2 初始化MongoDB集群
用以下命令连接到集群
kubectl -n mongo exec -it mongo-0 -- mongo
执行结果如下:
[root@svc-04 mongo]# kubectl -n mongo exec -it mongo-0 -- mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.4.9
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("fb3ce999-3c70-48a3-bdbb-18283ceb2d9e") }
MongoDB server version: 4.4.9
MainRepSet:PRIMARY>
将6.1中生成的命令复制到这里，在这里执行，完成集群的初始化。
执行完成后，查看集群的状态。
rs.status();
执行结果如下:
MainRepSet:PRIMARY> rs.status();
{
"set" : "MainRepSet",
"date" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:26.267Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"majorityVoteCount" : 2,
"writeMajorityCount" : 2,
"votingMembersCount" : 3,
"writableVotingMembersCount" : 3,
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18.188Z"),
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18.188Z"),
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18.188Z"),
"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18.188Z")
},
"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1634384338, 1),
"electionCandidateMetrics" : {
"lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",
"lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T10:42:57.796Z"),
"electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),
"lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634380967, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"numVotesNeeded" : 2,
"priorityAtElection" : 1,
"electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),
"numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(0),
"newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T10:42:58.080Z"),
"wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T10:42:58.800Z")
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "mongo-0.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 3695,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18Z"),
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"infoMessage" : "",
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1634380977, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T10:42:57Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"configTerm" : 1,
"self" : true,
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "mongo-1.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 3399,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:25.509Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:25.990Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "mongo-0.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017",
"syncSourceId" : 0,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 1,
"configTerm" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "mongo-2.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 3399,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:18Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:25.542Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-10-16T11:39:26.213Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "mongo-0.mongo-svc.mongo.svc.cluster.local:27017",
"syncSourceId" : 0,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 1,
"configTerm" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"9aHMf5irWqkvcz9HcjajwjrTiIM="),
"keyId" : NumberLong("7019612849714495491")
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1634384358, 1)
}
6.3 创建用户并测试
db.getSiblingDB('admin').auth("main_admin", "admin");
use test
db.testcoll.insert({a:1})
db.testcoll.find()
db.getSiblingDB("admin").createUser({
user : "main_admin",
pwd : "KkkKkkPassword",
roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ]
});
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