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一、引言

• 描述：如何通过移动设备向网页授权登录。
• 难度：中级
• 知识点：
  1、ZXing（Android库）
  2、QrCode（Vue库）
  3、Redis过期策略
  4、JWT令牌技术
• 效果
  

二、设计

1、移动端（Android）

zxing是谷歌推出的识别多种条形码的开源项目

（1）库

感谢开源者们的付出（地址：https://github.com/zxing/zxing）

（2）依赖

implementation 'com.google.zxing:core:3.3.0'

（3）使用

• cv工程
  
• 配置权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> <!-- 网络权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" /> <!-- 震动权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /> <!-- 摄像头权限 -->
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" /> <!-- 自动聚焦权限 -->

• 判断权限

    private static final String DECODED_CONTENT_KEY = "codedContent";
    private static final String DECODED_BITMAP_KEY = "codedBitmap";
    private static final int REQUEST_CODE_SCAN = 0x0000;
    
	//动态权限申请
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 1);
    } else {
        goScan();
    }
       
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    goScan();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "你拒绝了权限申请，可能无法打开相机扫码哟！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
        }
    }

• 跳转方法

	/**
     * 跳转到扫码界面扫码
     */
    private void goScan(){
        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, CaptureActivity.class);
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_SCAN);
    }

• 返回结果

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        // 扫描二维码/条码回传
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_SCAN && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            if (data != null) {
                //返回的文本内容
                String content = data.getStringExtra(DECODED_CONTENT_KEY);
                //返回的BitMap图像
                Bitmap bitmap = data.getParcelableExtra(DECODED_BITMAP_KEY);

                tv_scanResult.setText("你扫描到的内容是：" + content);
            }
        }
    }

2、前端（Vue）

关于router和store请自主学习

（1）库

• npm下载

npm install qrcode --save

（2）使用

• 模块：生成二维码（ValidateCode.vue）

<template>
    <canvas ref="canvas" @click="draw" width="140" height="40" style="cursor: pointer;"></canvas>
</template>
<script>
export default {
    data() {
        return {
            codes: [],
            ctx: "",
            colors: ["red", "yellow", "blue", "green", "pink", "black"],
            code_Len: 4
        };
    },
    mounted() {
        this.draw();
    },
    computed: {
        codeString() {
            let result = "";
            for (let i = 0; i < this.codes.length; i++) {
                result += this.codes[i];
            }
            return result.toUpperCase();
        }
    },
    watch: {
        codeString: function (newValue) {
            this.$emit("change", newValue);
        }
    },
    methods: {
        generateRandom() {
            this.codes = [];
            const chars = "abcdefghijkmnpqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789";
            const charsArr = chars.split("");

            for (let i = 0; i < this.code_Len; i++) {
                const num = Math.floor(Math.random() * charsArr.length);
                this.codes.push(charsArr[num]);
            }
        },
        draw() {
            this.generateRandom();
            this.drawText();
        },
        drawLine() {
            const lineNumber = 3; // 线条条数
            const lineX = 140;
            const lineY = 30; // 最大线条坐标
            for (let i = 0; i < lineNumber; i++) {
                this.ctx.strokeStyle = this.colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * 5)];
                this.ctx.beginPath();
                this.ctx.moveTo(
                    Math.floor(Math.random() * lineX),
                    Math.floor(Math.random() * lineY)
                );
                this.ctx.lineTo(
                    Math.floor(Math.random() * lineX),
                    Math.floor(Math.random() * lineY)
                );
                this.ctx.stroke();
            }
        },
        drawText() {
            const canvas = this.$refs["canvas"];
            this.ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");

            this.ctx.fillStyle = "#BFEFFF";
            this.ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 140, 40);
            this.ctx.font = "20px Verdana";

            let x = 15;

            for (let i = 0; i < this.code_Len; i++) {
                this.ctx.fillStyle = this.colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * 5)];
                this.ctx.fillText(this.codes[i], x, 25);
                x = x + 30;
            }

            this.drawLine();
        }
    }
};
</script>

• UI界面

<template>
  <div class="login">
    <el-button type="text" class="book" @click="book">功能介绍</el-button>
    <div class="main">
      <div class="login-title">
        {{ textLogin }}
      </div>
      <!-- 输入账号和密码 -->
      <div class="login_1" v-show="disLogin">
        <div class="input-data">
          <input type="text" required="" id="userName" v-model="email" />
          <div class="underlineN"></div>
          <label>E-mail</label>
        </div>
        <div class="input-data">
          <input type="password" required="" id="userPass" v-model="pass" />
          <div class="underlineP"></div>
          <label>Password</label>
        </div>
        <div class="login-yzm">
          <validate-code id="canvas" ref="ref_validateCode" @change="changeCode" />
          <div id="yzm-text">验证码：</div>
          <input type="text" id="yzm-input" v-model="inputVal">
        </div>
        <div class="login-btn">
          <button @click="login"><span>登录</span></button>
          <button @click="onRegView"><span>注册</span></button>
        </div>
      </div>
      <!-- 二维码登录 -->
      <div class="login_2" v-show="!disLogin">
        <!-- qrcode-vue -->
        <qrcode-vue :value="showCodeUrl" :size="size" level="H" @click="sx_qr" />
      </div>
      <div class="btn_qr" @click="login_qr">
        <img src="@/assets/saoyisao2.png" style="width: 20px; height: 20px;" alt="扫码登录">
      </div>
    </div>

  </div>
</template>

<script>
import ValidateCode from '@/components/part/ValidateCode.vue';
import QrcodeVue from 'qrcode.vue'

export default {
  name: 'LoginView',
  components: {
    ValidateCode,
    QrcodeVue
  },
  data() {
    return {
      // 验证码组件数据
      inputVal: "",
      checkCode: "",
      // 基本数据
      email: '',
      pass: '',
      // 切换登录方式
      textLogin: "用  户  登  录",
      disLogin: true,
      // 二维码
      codeHttpUrl: this.$store.state.webMapping.qr.findUuid,
      showCodeUrl: 'www.xpq.com',
      codeUrl: '',
      size: 180,
      // 定时器
      timer: null,
      qrHttpTimer: this.$store.state.webMapping.qr.findTime,
    }
  },
  methods: {
    changeCode(value) {     // Code
      this.checkCode = value;
    },
    onRegView() {          // router -> Reg
      this.$router.push('/reg')
    },
    async login() {       // email and pass Login
      if (this.email == '') {
        this.$open.openInfo('请输入邮箱!')
      } else if (this.pass == '') {
        this.$open.openInfo('请输入密码!')
      } else if (this.inputVal == '') {
        this.$open.openInfo('请输入验证码!')
      } else {
        if (this.inputVal.toUpperCase() === this.checkCode) {
          // this.$open.openOk('验证码正确!')
          var data = new FormData()
          data.append('email', this.email)
          data.append('pass', this.pass)
          const { data: res } = await this.$http.post('xpq/user/login', data)
          console.log(res)
          if (res.code == 0) {
            this.$open.openNo(res.msg)
            this.inputVal = "";
            this.$refs["ref_validateCode"].draw();
          } else {
            this.tzLogin(res.data)
          }
        } else {
          this.$open.openNo('验证码错误!')
          this.inputVal = "";
          this.$refs["ref_validateCode"].draw();
        }
      }
    },
    async login_qr() {    // btn qrCode Login
      // web-uuid
      const { data: res } = await this.$http.get("xpq/qr/sq")
      var string = JSON.stringify(res.data)
      console.log(string)
      this.disLogin = !this.disLogin
      if (!this.disLogin) {
        this.textLogin = "扫  码  登  录"
        // uuid -> qrcode
        if (string.length > 5) {
          this.showCodeUrl = string
          this.codeUrl = res.data.key
          // addtimer
          this.setTimer()
        }
      } else {
        this.textLogin = "用  户  登  录"
        // deltimer
        clearInterval(this.timer)
        this.timer = null
      }
    },
    async sx_qr() {       // 点击 qr 刷新
      const { data: res } = await this.$http.post(this.codeHttpUrl)
      var string = JSON.stringify(res)
      // uuid -> qrcode
      if (string.length > 5) {
        this.showCodeUrl = string
        this.codeUrl = res.key
      }
    },
    async setTimer() {    // 二维码定时器
      if (this.timer == null) {
        this.timer = setInterval(() => {
          // 循环运行
          this.getTimer()
        }, 1000)
      }
    },
    async getTimer() {     // 查看二维码是否激活
      var data = new FormData()
      data.append('key', this.codeUrl)
      console.log(this.codeUrl)
      const { data: res } = await this.$http.post("xpq/qr/login", data)
      if (res.code == 0) {
        if (res.msg.length == 1) {
          sx_qr()
        }
      } else {
        // 停止计时器
        clearInterval(this.timer)
        this.timer = null
        // 跳转界面
        this.tzLogin(res.data)
      }
    },
    tzLogin(res) {
      this.$open.openOk('欢迎回来!')
      // 将数据存储到sessionStorage中
      sessionStorage.setItem('id', res.id)
      sessionStorage.setItem('jwt', res.token)
      this.$router.push('/home')
    },
    book() {
      this.$router.push('/book')
    }
  },
  created: function () {     // 每次进入此界面，清除定时器，保证运行不受干扰
    clearInterval(this.timer)
    this.timer = null
  }
}
</script>

<style scoped>
/* 设置自适应屏幕大小 */

.login {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: 100vh;
    background: linear-gradient(-135deg, #50c8c2, #4158d0);
}


/* 标题设计 */

.login-title {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 20px;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
}


/* 标题设计 */

.login-title {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 20px;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
}


/* 输入框设计 */

.main {
    width: 450px;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 30px;
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}


/* 模块规格 */


/* 输入框、验证码 */

.main .input-data,
.login-yzm {
    width: 100%;
    height: 40px;
    margin: 10px;
    position: relative;
}


/* 输入框规格设计 */

.main .input-data input {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border: none;
    border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
    font-size: 17px;
}


/* 动画效果 */

.input-data input:focus~label,
.input-data input:valid~label {
    transform: translateY(-20px);
    font-size: 15px;
    color: #4158D0;
}


/* 输入框文本提醒动画 */

.main .input-data label {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 10px;
    left: 0;
    color: grey;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}


/* 动画设计 */

.main .input-data .underlineN {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0px;
    height: 2px;
    width: 100%;
}

.input-data .underlineN::before {
    /* margin-left: -50%; */
    background: #4158D0;
    position: absolute;
    content: "";
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.input-data input:focus~.underlineN:before,
.input-data input:valid~.underlineN:before {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.main .input-data .underlineP {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0px;
    height: 2px;
    width: 100%;
}

.input-data .underlineP::before {
    /* margin-left: -50%; */
    background: #4158D0;
    position: absolute;
    content: "";
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.input-data input:focus~.underlineP:before,
.input-data input:valid~.underlineP:before {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}


/* 按钮设计 */

.login-btn {
    text-align: center;
}

.login-btn button {
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(247, 150, 192, 1) 0%, rgba(118, 174, 241, 1) 100%);
    border: none;
    color: #fff;
    font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif;
    border-radius: 10px;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 10px 30px;
    margin: 10px;
    position: relative;
    top: 20px;
}


/* 按钮触摸和移出 */

.login-btn button:hover {
    background: transparent;
    color: #76aef1;
}

.login-btn button::before,
.login-btn button::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    box-shadow: -1px -1px 20px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), -4px -4px 5px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 10px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4), 6px 6px 5px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
    transition: all 0.8s ease;
    padding: 0;
}

.login-btn button::before {
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
}

.login-btn button::after {
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
}

.login-btn button:hover::before,
.login-btn button:hover::after {
    height: 100%;
}

.login-btn button span::before,
.login-btn button span::after {
    position: absolute;
    content: '';
    width: 0px;
    box-shadow: -1px -1px 20px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), -4px -4px 5px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 10px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4), 6px 6px 5px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
    transition: all 0.8s ease;
}

.login-btn button span::before {
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
}

.login-btn button span::after {
    bottom: 0;
    right: 0;
}

.login-btn button span:hover::before,
.login-btn button span:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}


/* 验证码 */


/* 布局 */

.login-yzm #canvas,
#yzm-text {
    float: left;
}

.login-yzm #yzm-text {
    position: relative;
    left: 25px;
    top: 10px;
}


/* 输入框样式 */

.login-yzm #yzm-input {
    position: relative;
    top: 7px;
    left: 18px;
    height: 30px;
    width: 160px;
}


/* qrCode button */

.btn_qr {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: right;
}

.login_2 {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
}

.book {
  position: fixed;
  top: 50px;
  right: 0;
  margin-right: 40px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 15px;
}
</style>

3、后端（Spring Boot）

其实最优解应该是Redis+Spring Task，但这里我没打算使用Spring Task，对初学者多少有点不友好，我之后会专门出一篇专门讲Spring Task

• 关于JWT令牌技术，博客地址：http://t.csdn.cn/fSa0y
• 关于Redis的使用，博客地址：http://t.csdn.cn/7x6ls

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/xpq/qr")
@Slf4j
public class QrController {

    @Resource
    RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    @Resource
    UserService userService;

    @Resource
    private JwtProperties jwtProperties;

    @GetMapping("{id}")
    public Result<QrInfoVo> qrInfo(@PathVariable Long id) {
        String key = UUID.randomUUID().toString();

        QrInfoVo qrInfoVo = new QrInfoVo();
        qrInfoVo.setId(id);
        qrInfoVo.setKey(key);
        log.info("二维码信息：{}", qrInfoVo);

        // 存入Rides中，设置过期时间为 1分钟
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, "0",1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

        return Result.success(qrInfoVo);
    }

    @PostMapping("appLogin")
    public Result appLogin(QrInfoVo qrInfoVo) {
        log.info("获取到app用户信息：{}", qrInfoVo);

        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(qrInfoVo.getKey(), String.valueOf(qrInfoVo.getId()),1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
        return Result.success();
    }

    @PostMapping("/login")
    public Result<UserLoginVO> login(String key) {
        log.info("获取key:{}", key);

        String string = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
        if (string.equals("0")) {
            return Result.error("");
        } else if(string.equals(null)) {
            return Result.error("0");
        } else {
            log.info("得到key:{}", key);
            Long keys = Long.valueOf(string).longValue();
            log.info("用户登录:{}", keys);
            UserInfoVo u = userService.queryById(keys);

            // 扫码成功后，生成jwt令牌
            Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();
            claims.put(JwtClaimsConstant.EMP_ID, u.getId());
            String token = JwtUtil.createJWT(
                    jwtProperties.getAdminSecretKey(),
                    jwtProperties.getAdminTtl(),
                    claims);
            log.info("jwt令牌:{}", token);

            UserLoginVO userLoginVO = UserLoginVO.builder()
                    .id(u.getId())
                    .userName(u.getName())
                    .image(u.getImage())
                    .token(token)
                    .build();

            return Result.success(userLoginVO);
        }
    }

}

三、附件

git代码地址之后会更新出来，我得确定一下项目开源机制